#9 Bibliography Draft

1    1.)  Goodwyn, Wayne. "Botched Lethal Injection Executions Reignite Death Penalty Debate." NPR. NPR, 6 Jan. 2015. Web. 10 Sept. 2015.

   
                 Goodwyn asserts that the botched lethal injection, taking place in Arizona, sets an example as to why capital punishment is both immoral and unconstitutional. Utilizing images, direct evidence (i.e. quotes), and detailed emotional narratives, Goodwyn attempts to persuade his readers into refuting support for the death penalty. Although the author addresses counterarguments, he quickly invalidates them with story-like evidence to portray the inhumane horrors of forced death. This article offers a deep perspective of personal depictions and emotions (from witnesses) on lethal injection, while silmultaneously providing a basic understanding of the controversy at hand to Goodwyn's audience of the general public. As this story was published on NPR, a broad audience of many values is predicted to tune into the story; thus, Goodwyn serves to undermine existing premonitions that the death penalty is a correct form of justice, and alter the mindsets of all viewers into fighting capital punishment along his side. 



2.) The Gospel of Hemp. Facebook, 2013. Web. 05 Sept. 2015. 
Dokupil's Article: Dokoupil, Tony. "Life in Prison for Selling Marijuana: Meet the People New Pot Laws Forgot." Msnbc.com. NBC News Digital, 08 Sept. 2015. Web. 10 Sept. 2015.

             Dokupil's article seeks to undermine the death sentence by shedding light to the abuse of civil justice in courts today. It is common belief that marijuana is a recreational drug, and many believe the use of this narcotic should be legalized, and freely expressed. For these reasons, this article focuses on undermining punishment for the use of marijuana by ridiculing court-ordered life-long sentences on individuals caught with the drug to display the overuse of death sentences in American cases. Dokupil's audience is aimed towards those relating to the use of marijuana, or those against the delegation of lifelong prison sentences for seemingly minor allegations. Dokupil utilizes statistical evidence, photographic images, and hyperlinks to similar cases in order to fully analyze the severity of the pressing issue at hand.

3.) The National Coalition to Abolish the Death Penalty. Facebook, 2009. Web. 05 Sept. 2015.
          This Facebook group posts various memes, articles, personal quotes, and television programs/podcasts related to the abolition of the Death Penalty. The audience of this page is focused on the like-minded cause and tends to assert personal opinions (in the comments sections of the posts) related to condemning capital punishment. The National Coalition to Abolish the Death Penalty primarily serves to gather followers to not only refute capital punishment, but overall act as a collective whole in order to spark action throughout the nation to eventually end the use of forced death. The page was started in 2009, and now has 90 million followers.


4.) Phillips, David P. "The Deterrent Effect of Capital Punishment: New Evidence on an Old Controversy." Chicago Journals. The University of Chicago Press, July 1980. Web. 05 Sept. 2015.
                 Phillips utilizes scholarly writing techniques, and thorough analyzations of the pros and cons of capital punishment in order to both inform an interested public about the effects and process of the death penalty, and subtly discourage this practice in court. The author utilizes charts, graphs, direct studies and evidence from other established scholars, and persuasive voice in order to fully convey his claim. Ultimately, this resource sheds light to the practice of capital punishment, and the short-term success of the actions taken within it in order to suggest the need for a new system of justice in national courts.

5.) Poveda, Tony G. "American Exceptionalism and The Death Penalty." Jstor.org. Social Justice/Global Options, July 2000. Web. 5 Sept. 2015.
                 Poveda juxtaposes America's non-conformist tendencies with the implementation of capital punishment in national courts. In a scholarly journal, Poveda utilizes direct research-based evidence, charts, historical background, and basic conceptual understandings to inform his audience on the relationship he is offering a new perspective towards.

     6) De Vogue, Adriane. "Supreme Court Backs Use of Lethal Injection Drug - CNNPolitics.com." CNN. Cable News Network, 29 June 2015. Web. 10 Sept. 2015.

            Adriane de Vogue offers a news-style article informing the acceptance of a new lethal injection drug in Oklahoma. Through direct quotations, evidence, and recollections of key ideals of the debate over the death penalty, de Vogue strives to primarily educate the general public about the issue at hand, as well as offer a subtle bias aimed to condemn the use of lethal injection. After reading, the audience will have gained new information about the use of lethal injection nationally, as well as potentially altered opinions about the controversy. Thus, de Vogue's purpose is to both inform and persuade a general public that lethal injection is both inhumane and unconstitutional, and ultimately, should be replaced by a new method of justice.